Code
library(tidyverse)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE, warning=FALSE, message=FALSE)Challenge 1
challenge_1
railroads
faostat
wildbirds
Challenge Overview
Today’s challenge is to
read in a dataset, and
describe the dataset using both words and any supporting information (e.g., tables, etc)
Read in the Data
Read in one (or more) of the following data sets, using the correct R package and command.
- railroad_2012_clean_county.csv ⭐
- birds.csv ⭐⭐
- FAOstat*.csv ⭐⭐
- wild_bird_data.xlsx ⭐⭐⭐
- StateCounty2012.xls ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Find the _data folder, located inside the posts folder. Then you can read in the data, using either one of the readr standard tidy read commands, or a specialized package such as readxl. ###Reading in Railroad data I had to set the working directory in order for this code to work.
Code
library(readr)
railroad<-read.csv(file = "_data/railroad_2012_clean_county.csv",
header=TRUE,
sep = ","
)Add any comments or documentation as needed. More challenging data sets may require additional code chunks and documentation.
My comment is that I was able to read in the data after I set the working directory. I selected Session, Set Working Directly, then Choose Directly.
Describe the data
Using a combination of words and results of R commands, can you provide a high level description of the data? Describe as efficiently as possible where/how the data was (likely) gathered, indicate the cases and variables (both the interpretation and any details you deem useful to the reader to fully understand your chosen data).
Exploring some commands.
Code
head(railroad) state county total_employees
1 AE APO 2
2 AK ANCHORAGE 7
3 AK FAIRBANKS NORTH STAR 2
4 AK JUNEAU 3
5 AK MATANUSKA-SUSITNA 2
6 AK SITKA 1Code
nrow(railroad)[1] 2930Code
ncol(railroad)[1] 3Code
railroad$total_employees [1] 2 7 2 3 2 1 88 102 143 1 25 154 13 29
[15] 45 13 9 72 7 26 10 7 14 199 11 5 12 5
[29] 129 11 122 33 116 47 78 3 40 8 7 8 1 46
[43] 55 990 25 117 11 46 7 7 6 29 16 17 29 331
[57] 43 102 42 4 24 19 39 38 158 162 9 42 19 60
[71] 192 11 11 45 1 11 18 25 35 5 8 5 3 40
[85] 13 8 79 5 19 61 55 48 30 12 15 34 289 5
[99] 54 68 167 15 6 79 37 32 4 13 361 7 11 32
[113] 3 54 22 4 330 7 8 10 18 7 2 15 1 15
[127] 22 11 10 4 17 31 5 972 19 262 3 43 50 20
[141] 16 2 20 2 46 102 9 270 60 268 37 48 3 10
[155] 462 407 510 749 154 18 63 94 346 9 69 30 2 348
[169] 103 341 4 2 65 500 21 2 14 2545 39 12 4 6
[183] 59 3 1 29 17 36 460 539 84 1567 738 13 2888 206
[197] 61 474 98 80 36 244 44 69 2 83 221 38 195 54
[211] 10 2 97 9 68 62 88 553 10 128 2 3 1 71
[225] 42 6 1 2 6 1 7 3 16 503 1 112 10 129
[239] 10 28 13 5 10 1 10 267 3 2 1 2 159 77
[253] 5 137 252 6 2 10 34 141 12 4 1 26 526 10
[267] 30 2 16 6 6 3 223 3 486 113 57 137 1561 146
[281] 26 66 279 158 1275 62 22 81 45 20 33 294 1 10
[295] 23 636 14 35 9 2 3073 124 29 2 5 1 5 6
[309] 11 2 1 30 15 387 6 12 12 3 5 77 43 21
[323] 6 1 1 23 48 9 346 7 242 6 12 101 30 155
[337] 71 73 238 34 48 18 92 449 56 36 11 5 11 175
[351] 4 3 13 24 22 56 11 1 32 114 120 12 304 17
[365] 112 4 95 42 17 23 3 41 4 130 120 35 281 4
[379] 4 129 9 2 194 16 661 85 5 89 4 116 6 12
[393] 31 3 11 315 9 6 43 282 6 130 1 33 5 9
[407] 177 31 40 6 878 6 1 40 33 9 5 372 12 55
[421] 4 21 37 10 4 269 89 24 38 13 12 11 17 4
[435] 42 19 10 11 22 28 15 4 87 2 4 6 7 32
[449] 7 78 2 6 63 4 2 6 84 9 7 3 200 47
[463] 16 271 17 65 3 10 4 12 206 60 7 7 2 33
[477] 8 3 9 13 4 11 5 9 30 13 28 1 53 7
[491] 12 18 54 117 413 8 34 94 3 3 22 15 7 22
[505] 11 1 2 1 5 7 18 13 1 39 116 206 17 35
[519] 2 23 16 38 13 19 157 2 7 16 2 24 140 8
[533] 46 11 9 18 179 2 71 6 23 34 11 15 19 9
[547] 10 31 10 20 102 26 1 17 1 13 26 24 10 37
[561] 14 3 5 204 146 7 5 2 12 3 14 90 96 15
[575] 12 14 19 29 1 1 13 2 14 5 235 609 7 13
[589] 10 137 12 1 94 20 3 70 8 42 37 10 5 65
[603] 6 1 155 12 36 81 2 538 71 10 47 3 40 44
[617] 44 168 12 16 1 1 9 20 1 26 4 4 6 11
[631] 205 11 2 6 32 13 8 7 23 12 63 1 21 116
[645] 2 23 44 7 35 4 96 66 131 104 24 14 38 42
[659] 8207 12 9 46 119 60 837 45 12 4 33 32 23 39
[673] 56 7 13 83 19 127 1 100 74 87 37 4 72 14
[687] 14 26 577 289 122 885 132 340 6 40 12 16 425 79
[701] 427 261 10 23 9 53 273 45 10 18 122 38 43 49
[715] 75 130 20 54 50 1 7 5 68 9 94 11 114 32
[729] 15 45 495 5 33 71 41 178 14 188 29 18 16 124
[743] 1784 53 76 14 11 536 12 6 24 22 7 26 35 131
[757] 28 28 21 35 50 7 118 125 35 306 19 85 21 10
[771] 8 153 39 72 63 60 147 229 35 34 66 11 80 18
[785] 10 13 165 16 30 16 1999 360 24 16 70 703 40 3
[799] 146 27 30 105 18 59 5 7 19 10 7 27 550 41
[813] 11 41 23 8 7 10 43 23 258 58 45 34 118 14
[827] 7 221 23 103 30 8 82 29 12 39 23 38 16 12
[841] 42 11 22 47 14 76 11 1 38 5 14 10 1 94
[855] 205 3 138 24 126 4 7 12 3 9 22 72 24 1
[869] 3 3 1 14 153 19 4 56 122 1 1286 12 1 88
[883] 232 2 31 6 91 46 233 34 5 113 2 111 54 22
[897] 16 2 73 1 12 1 25 17 34 2 67 2 7 30
[911] 9 10 1 107 3 325 12 856 9 2 3 1 3 168
[925] 3 2 21 9 22 2 4 7 415 1 5 5 7 5
[939] 3 27 236 8 232 62 11 36 14 125 1 29 4 79
[953] 7 19 54 18 15 6 7 1 1 31 5 1 42 58
[967] 9 84 5 4 8 8 91 24 11 4 483 3 67 44
[981] 15 6 48 24 3 133 4 413 13 50 244 16 38 7
[995] 113 97 8 3 22 55 113 11 16 6 47 1 7 22
[1009] 16 8 84 7 5 28 1 55 1 4 5 1 22 59
[1023] 11 16 35 3 2 31 39 231 6 104 2 32 4 5
[1037] 15 33 1 22 2 15 3 4 7 12 3 2 10 322
[1051] 3 5 13 19 103 5 37 43 21 285 546 280 7 1
[1065] 1 31 3 40 285 1 11 11 4 25 25 86 20 368
[1079] 6 5 124 10 16 78 10 19 22 240 128 17 67 158
[1093] 6 2 8 35 46 11 38 91 31 2 128 105 1 14
[1107] 8 5 42 20 68 73 3 5 2 44 50 232 314 113
[1121] 202 68 673 386 429 558 310 509 406 415 103 8 118 393
[1135] 112 8 157 53 248 79 722 3 302 809 22 1 94 2
[1149] 127 12 6 22 57 71 2 3 109 5 7 36 117 75
[1163] 8 67 11 17 47 1 8 27 3 19 4 16 58 2
[1177] 136 13 164 89 2 8 5 10 1 188 7 42 1 195
[1191] 4 3 4 5 17 6 9 46 32 13 3 5 77 58
[1205] 3 149 1 36 3 70 33 2 2 170 12 137 17 5
[1219] 14 5 266 17 24 15 265 1 6 11 2 1 1 40
[1233] 1 2 80 14 13 100 109 42 38 27 63 849 5 19
[1247] 346 62 10 20 10 59 25 181 41 20 6 91 175 9
[1261] 4 143 348 1 44 8 4 24 35 3 651 42 14 57
[1275] 37 7 10 157 4 43 2 68 6 27 4 10 7 13
[1289] 3 46 32 34 43 20 3 6 6 9 18 54 62 35
[1303] 5 106 43 579 10 9 13 37 9 4 72 148 11 595
[1317] 100 16 9 16 28 2 13 9 49 207 32 34 26 62
[1331] 5 21 17 5 25 17 26 12 29 12 52 150 84 38
[1345] 15 11 86 23 20 235 10 50 112 29 681 97 46 60
[1359] 17 19 8 21 36 2 1 24 54 14 5 362 23 19
[1373] 20 3 16 7 87 226 13 2055 127 436 42 16 18 74
[1387] 64 20 18 140 44 47 30 1 93 5 9 15 1 24
[1401] 24 9 24 10 38 7 132 12 5 3 29 95 18 33
[1415] 98 38 5 1 23 138 126 5 48 27 27 8 1 126
[1429] 10 12 166 8 202 316 47 20 6 19 34 25 8 50
[1443] 38 86 3 40 3 45 16 33 12 14 11 6 3 15
[1457] 10 1 16 8 341 64 12 21 2 15 57 46 130 23
[1471] 3 1 7 42 10 4 10 6 5 27 169 15 6 23
[1485] 1 46 79 45 24 50 65 15 3 47 8 10 13 67
[1499] 11 56 3 1 5 104 12 1 15 8 2 3 36 8
[1513] 10 3 8 5 49 4 18 6 5 16 10 7 8 5
[1527] 32 4 40 199 9 61 2 301 18 4 11 367 30 29
[1541] 2 8 513 8 2 46 83 9 31 1 1 1 14 362
[1555] 3 64 9 25 3 9 11 49 26 9 84 37 7 20
[1569] 52 7 5 28 2 143 1 7 525 14 10 1 12 3
[1583] 4 4 7 22 94 15 84 5 10 5 7 22 3 8
[1597] 2 1 12 17 14 39 29 3 90 28 4 24 7 77
[1611] 5 55 6 2 8 78 36 15 21 32 3 4 48 8
[1625] 56 8 5 19 66 4 26 224 13 22 41 205 45 15
[1639] 4 15 1 16 18 2 2 19 5 18 291 122 12 228
[1653] 30 5 30 49 9 30 3 4 50 4 322 6 6 1
[1667] 15 1 49 6 23 2 25 2 6 1 7 317 373 2
[1681] 11 12 1 7 2 14 4 173 5 2 1 9 5 2
[1695] 78 10 1 34 191 14 6 2 4 9 14 70 8 58
[1709] 6 3 8 1 2 34 48 11 76 407 101 25 77 2
[1723] 2 8 2 2 1168 1 107 9 40 192 8 2 1 68
[1737] 13 4 4 82 35 120 142 13 5 78 3797 5 13 3
[1751] 30 18 152 21 9 8 3 135 14 4 3 15 3 17
[1765] 21 42 30 6 98 24 9 1619 2289 35 1 45 19 14
[1779] 112 1 12 8 71 7 20 7 7 92 8 124 66 1
[1793] 41 840 123 614 114 49 18 1 11 22 5 1 13 75
[1807] 3 5 18 2 12 28 19 7 136 9 146 27 7 58
[1821] 513 464 427 19 39 1097 270 871 68 361 955 862 296 589
[1835] 231 30 148 178 738 115 227 4 14 27 25 431 7 91
[1849] 43 13 8 11 4 7 41 240 45 42 2 58 56 6
[1863] 80 26 3 12 29 5 401 5 269 77 47 8 5 26
[1877] 42 12 5 1 249 629 55 648 141 72 36 57 21 39
[1891] 24 126 11 25 1157 784 27 11 20 46 196 48 19 970
[1905] 5 71 43 131 36 2076 373 119 72 184 33 342 11 91
[1919] 89 317 1470 358 177 89 233 149 43 7 13 79 99 3685
[1933] 14 32 8 211 26 60 46 1040 50 6 24 92 56 270
[1947] 21 23 22 14 220 25 28 23 68 25 211 87 112 552
[1961] 16 33 58 213 53 18 359 60 19 29 19 16 278 71
[1975] 22 26 38 15 9 4 674 14 108 17 114 305 49 54
[1989] 280 842 20 176 60 117 20 8 24 4 83 3 21 29
[2003] 3 151 18 12 40 39 51 12 58 251 40 129 451 175
[2017] 21 335 140 121 133 54 16 6 69 22 65 42 316 35
[2031] 2 5 4 1 11 7 49 24 59 8 6 32 41 5
[2045] 15 3 17 75 38 14 2 7 161 11 55 12 5 1
[2059] 8 9 3 5 8 66 7 2 43 176 18 19 11 5
[2073] 29 19 27 18 18 7 127 10 34 7 193 34 1 14
[2087] 11 9 23 37 21 11 72 6 48 9 7 377 19 31
[2101] 6 20 23 37 15 127 4 48 10 8 53 39 2 2
[2115] 14 30 10 8 228 4 229 4 103 10 85 39 349 11
[2129] 2 7 467 196 6 50 87 38 39 760 39 566 138 195
[2143] 910 38 1106 136 420 4 121 32 308 22 120 39 3 67
[2157] 299 357 815 7 140 291 64 3 29 47 36 67 67 109
[2171] 350 173 70 145 85 58 8 84 53 207 532 3 229 102
[2185] 169 1649 88 5 131 26 149 84 15 19 16 10 195 51
[2199] 392 17 260 8 102 11 318 48 124 193 1 34 6 9
[2213] 17 94 2 148 9 15 24 18 29 53 74 139 17 22
[2227] 220 29 139 94 25 42 7 26 19 20 4 118 22 19
[2241] 20 28 5 25 48 87 5 124 29 19 22 72 1 82
[2255] 2 1 34 127 5 4 1 1 5 13 60 6 4 3
[2269] 2 1 9 167 5 3 6 3 9 1 17 1 1 13
[2283] 3 19 10 1 2 69 1 106 2 49 1 1 10 8
[2297] 2 5 4 1 5 52 6 5 45 12 24 10 128 72
[2311] 57 8 57 21 16 3 32 37 12 16 14 162 1 6
[2325] 64 18 30 5 36 25 10 53 43 59 62 429 2 14
[2339] 10 57 4 14 22 16 24 2 60 1 458 2 44 42
[2353] 6 4 26 22 115 40 111 114 17 10 46 27 60 37
[2367] 1 2 2 41 3 70 44 78 171 45 11 51 621 7
[2381] 2 72 88 45 2 230 23 3 6 164 3 39 3 77
[2395] 74 241 3 53 6 8 12 64 35 5 15 102 1 9
[2409] 413 950 3 17 64 259 55 14 3 39 21 6 25 7
[2423] 12 119 14 21 54 9 57 17 11 159 4 16 132 15
[2437] 1 56 87 1 2 13 130 406 7 2 394 6 2 1
[2451] 1 1 16 20 1 863 125 20 20 19 26 2 2 1
[2465] 258 87 20 283 2 2 5 42 22 151 154 9 69 10
[2479] 7 2 1 8 141 2535 98 9 33 37 39 78 7 102
[2493] 22 21 75 7 32 37 33 8 30 2 244 4 11 429
[2507] 7 3 49 10 5 35 20 1 14 26 4 9 14 12
[2521] 31 144 24 4 3 292 2 8 14 2 2 12 71 4
[2535] 148 56 30 37 4 11 17 474 49 16 17 37 25 14
[2549] 34 82 8 105 31 21 303 28 2 27 883 9 5 72
[2563] 2 1 3 2 30 32 10 13 5 3 24 38 5 9
[2577] 17 1 127 5 2 1 1 13 4235 86 15 5 10 52
[2591] 74 6 29 41 2 35 93 47 60 38 21 5 4 291
[2605] 13 4 120 4 1 77 75 156 60 2 2 4 85 58
[2619] 23 52 2 337 10 8 1 48 25 8 18 5 580 8
[2633] 5 1 12 52 10 186 7 16 360 4 28 108 10 28
[2647] 16 63 12 12 395 14 288 9 25 32 43 46 3 6
[2661] 30 228 2 31 24 5 15 23 4 225 24 43 9 202
[2675] 24 41 14 15 4 2 10 117 128 24 3249 36 6 6
[2689] 6 29 1 32 42 31 43 3 3 7 2 101 12 29
[2703] 7 106 35 70 9 49 28 34 13 110 33 9 1 193
[2717] 16 40 172 30 13 15 26 46 37 10 197 22 26 7
[2731] 114 39 20 8 8 3 40 4 83 5 4 9 13 59
[2745] 3 10 10 15 17 294 79 8 850 2 151 2 1 148
[2759] 1 22 29 39 4 1039 60 15 63 73 12 20 15 6
[2773] 21 614 2 57 14 506 757 34 94 3 45 45 9 56
[2787] 29 7 20 11 76 16 6 8 35 9 106 24 74 63
[2801] 2 465 13 78 275 16 33 11 17 5 4 19 27 14
[2815] 111 4 339 7 7 23 15 23 12 36 188 51 16 13
[2829] 57 6 12 43 23 240 10 100 138 21 29 14 9 9
[2843] 168 15 54 48 5 47 23 37 96 34 13 95 119 33
[2857] 108 50 22 19 406 4 4 30 1 7 75 37 37 7
[2871] 51 22 56 130 3 107 61 16 26 34 43 387 223 168
[2885] 19 35 33 6 25 3 13 35 83 98 21 7 3 153
[2899] 94 2 2 5 217 5 9 7 108 63 90 70 386 168
[2913] 211 33 42 244 4 18 737 25 92 51 29 129 252 3
[2927] 196 49 10 37Code
mean(railroad$total_employees)[1] 87.17816Code
railroad %>%
summarize(
mean_employees=mean(total_employees),
median_employees=median(total_employees),
sd_employees=sd(total_employees)) mean_employees median_employees sd_employees
1 87.17816 21 283.6359The railroad data has 3 variables (State, County, Total Employees) and 2930 observations. The code below is exploring some commands.
The mean is 87 employees and the median is 21, wow, there must be some extreme values! And the standard deviation is 284.
Visualize the Data
I was wondering about the extreme values for the railroad county employees. The box plot shows the outliers and the histogram shows the right tail.
Code
boxplot(railroad$total_employees)
Code
hist(railroad$total_employees)