library(tidyverse)
library(igraph)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE, warning=FALSE,
message=FALSE)Week 1 Challenge Solutions
challenge_1
solution
Before starting, the necessary packages should be loaded:
Marriages in Game of Thrones
got.marriages <- read_csv('_data/got/got_marriages.csv')
head(got.marriages)The first two columns indicate the list of edges in the network. The network is symmetric and unweighted, but with 3 types of links (married, engaged, or affair):
table(got.marriages$Type)
Affair Engaged Married
36 2 217 Finally, a graph can be created using the igraph package
g.got.marriages <- graph_from_data_frame(got.marriages)and plotted:
plot(g.got.marriages, edge.arrow.size = 0)
We could also color the edges depending on the type of link by creating another column as a factor and changing its levels to color names:
got.marriages$Type.Color <- as.factor(got.marriages$Type)
levels(got.marriages$Type.Color)[1] "Affair" "Engaged" "Married"levels(got.marriages$Type.Color) <- c('gray', 'blue', 'green')
E(g.got.marriages)$color <- got.marriages$Type.Color
plot(g.got.marriages, edge.arrow.size = 0)
Fish Encounters
fish_encounters dataset is directly loaded with tidyverse or tidyr:
head(fish_encounters)The graph can be created using:
g.fish <- graph_from_data_frame(fish_encounters)
V(g.fish)$name [1] "4842" "4843" "4844" "4845" "4847" "4848" "4849"
[8] "4850" "4851" "4854" "4855" "4857" "4858" "4859"
[15] "4861" "4862" "4863" "4864" "4865" "Release" "I80_1"
[22] "Lisbon" "Rstr" "Base_TD" "BCE" "BCW" "BCE2" "BCW2"
[29] "MAE" "MAW" We can color the stations by selecting the nodes with names that cannot be converted into numbers:
V(g.fish)$color[is.na(as.numeric(V(g.fish)$name))] <- 'lightblue'
plot(g.fish, edge.arrow.size = .5)
Likes and Dislikes in Game of Thrones
got.likes <- read.csv('_data/got/got_like_dislike.csv')
head(got.likes)Although the data is given in the form of an adjacency matrix, the object is a data frame that needs to be coerced into a matrix. The network is asymmetric and weighted, where negative weights indicate dislike.
g.likes <- graph_from_adjacency_matrix(as.matrix(got.likes[ , - c(1 : 3)]), mode = 'directed', weighted = TRUE)
kableExtra :: kable(as.matrix(got.likes[ , - c(1 : 3)]))| Lysa.Arryn | Petyr.Baelish | Joffrey.Baratheon | Margaery.Tyrell | Renly.Baratheon | Robert.Baratheon | Stannis.Baratheon | Brienne.of.Tarth | Bronn | Gregor.Clegane | Sandor.Clegane | Xaro.Xhoan.Daxos | Gendry | Balon.Greyjoy | Theon.Greyjoy | Jaqen.H.ghar | Hodor | Khal.Drogo | Cersei.Lannister | Jaime.Lannister | Lancel.Lannister | Tyrion.Lannister | Tywin.Lannister | Maester.Luwin | Melisandre | Jeor.Mormont | Jorah.Mormont | Osha | Podrick.Payne | Pyat.Pree | Grand.Maester.Pycelle | Ros | Davos.Seaworth | Shae | Jon.Snow | Arya.Stark | Bran.Stark | Catelyn.Stark | Robb.Stark | Sansa.Stark | Daenerys.Targaryen | Viserys.Targaryen | Samwell.Tarly | Loras.Tyrell | Varys | Eddard.Stark |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NA | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | NA | -1 | 1 | -2 | 1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | -1 | -3 |
| 0 | -1 | NA | 4 | -3 | 2 | -5 | -3 | -1 | 3 | 4 | 0 | -5 | -2 | -3 | 0 | -1 | -3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | -2 | 3 | -1 | -4 | 0 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -5 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -5 | 0 | -5 | -3 | 0 | 2 | -1 | -5 |
| 0 | 1 | 3 | NA | 5 | 0 | -5 | -4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -5 | -1 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 3 | 0 | -4 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -5 | 0 | -5 | -3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | -2 | -5 | 5 | NA | 3 | -5 | 2 | -1 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4 | -3 | -1 | -2 | -5 | 1 | -5 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -3 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | -5 | -3 | 0 | 5 | -1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | NA | 2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | -1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 1 | -1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | -5 | -4 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 5 |
| 0 | -1 | -5 | -4 | -5 | 1 | NA | -2 | -2 | -3 | -4 | 0 | -5 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -5 | -4 | -2 | -3 | -5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | -4 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -4 | -5 | -2 | -5 | -3 | 0 | -5 | -2 | 0 |
| 1 | -1 | -3 | -3 | 5 | 0 | -4 | NA | -2 | -2 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -4 | -5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | -5 | -5 | -2 | -5 | -5 | 3 | -5 | 0 | -3 | 2 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -4 | -3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | -1 | 0 |
| 0 | -1 | -2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | -1 | NA | -3 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -3 | -3 | -1 | 5 | -4 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 1 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 |
| 0 | -1 | 3 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -2 | -2 | NA | -5 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 | -4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -2 | 5 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -3 | -3 | -4 | -4 | 0 | -4 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -1 |
| 0 | -2 | 3 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -4 | -3 | -5 | -5 | NA | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -3 | 5 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | -5 | -5 | -4 | 5 | -5 | 0 | -1 | -3 | -2 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | -5 | -4 | -2 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 3 |
| -1 | 0 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -5 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | NA | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -2 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -5 | -2 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -5 |
| -1 | 0 | -3 | -2 | -3 | 4 | -5 | -5 | -1 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | NA | 0 | -5 | 0 | -4 | -3 | -1 | -3 | -4 | -5 | -2 | 0 | -1 | -5 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 3 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -4 | -5 | -4 | -4 | -2 | -3 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 3 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | NA | 3 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -5 | 3 | NA | 0 | -3 | -2 | 0 | -1 | -3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -5 | -5 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -4 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | -3 | -2 | 0 | -1 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | -4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| -1 | -2 | 5 | -5 | -5 | 3 | -5 | -5 | -3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -5 | -3 | -4 | -1 | -3 | -3 | NA | 5 | 5 | -4 | 4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -3 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -5 | 1 | -5 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 2 | -4 |
| -1 | -2 | 3 | -3 | -4 | -1 | -5 | -5 | -3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | -4 | -2 | -3 | -1 | -2 | -2 | 5 | NA | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -5 | -5 | 0 | -4 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -5 |
| -1 | 0 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | NA | -1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| -5 | -1 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 1 | -5 | -4 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -3 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -3 | -1 | NA | -5 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 3 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 |
| -1 | -2 | 3 | -5 | -5 | 1 | -5 | -5 | -4 | 5 | 3 | 0 | -5 | -3 | -4 | -3 | -3 | -3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -5 | NA | 0 | -4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -2 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -5 | -5 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| 0 | 0 | -5 | -5 | -5 | 0 | 5 | -4 | -1 | -2 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -4 | 0 | NA | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -5 | -5 | -2 | -4 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -3 | -5 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -5 | -3 | -1 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | -3 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -3 | 0 | -3 | 3 | NA | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -3 | -3 | -1 | 5 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -2 |
| 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -1 | 0 | -3 | -2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | -1 | 5 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | -2 | 1 | -3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 3 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | -3 | -1 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 | NA | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -3 | 0 | -3 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -3 | -1 |
| 0 | -2 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | NA | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -1 | 5 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -2 | -1 | -3 | 0 | -1 | 0 | NA | -1 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -3 | -1 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 |
| 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 5 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | -1 | 3 | -1 | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 2 | -2 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | NA | 5 | 5 | -1 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| 2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 4 | -2 | 4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | -1 | -4 | 5 | 5 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 5 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 5 | NA | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | -1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | -5 | 5 |
| 2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 4 | -2 | 4 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | -1 | -5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 5 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 5 | 5 | NA | 5 | 5 | 5 | -1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | -5 | 5 |
| 3 | 2 | -5 | -2 | 3 | 5 | -5 | 5 | -3 | -4 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -4 | -4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | -4 | -5 | -1 | -5 | -5 | 5 | -5 | 1 | -3 | 3 | -2 | 0 | -2 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -1 | 5 | 5 | NA | 4 | 5 | -5 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -5 | 5 |
| 2 | 0 | -5 | -1 | -4 | 5 | -5 | 3 | -2 | -4 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -5 | -4 | 1 | 5 | 0 | -5 | -5 | -2 | -1 | -5 | 5 | -5 | 0 | -3 | 2 | -2 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | NA | 5 | -5 | -3 | 1 | -4 | -5 | 5 |
| 1 | 2 | -1 | 0 | -3 | 4 | -2 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | NA | -3 | -1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 5 |
| 0 | -2 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -2 | -4 | -5 | -3 | -2 | -3 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | -5 | -4 | -1 | -1 | -5 | 0 | -4 | 0 | 5 | -2 | -3 | -5 | -3 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -5 | -3 | NA | 2 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -2 |
| 0 | 0 | -3 | -3 | -4 | -3 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -4 | -3 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -3 | -1 | -2 | NA | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | -2 | 5 | 5 | 0 | -5 | -3 | -1 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -3 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -1 | -3 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA | -1 | 0 |
| 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -1 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -1 | -3 | -1 | 0 | -1 | NA | -5 |
| 3 | -1 | -5 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | -5 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0 | -4 | -5 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 5 | -5 | 1 | -2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | -2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -5 | NA |
Characters in Game of Thrones seem to dislike each other much more than like each other…
hist(E(g.likes)$weight)
E(g.likes)$color <- colorRampPalette(c("yellow", "blue"))(11)[E(g.likes)$weight + 6]
plot(g.likes, edge.arrow.size = 0.5)